Jesus, a dalit among dalits presenting jesus to the outcasts of india. There are numerous important questions that christology answers. Weston school of theology over the past twenty years or so various essays have appeared which deal with spirit christology. The indian dalit struggle for their prayer and worship rights18 3. Emphasis on philosophical enlightenment, the logos spermatikos as the principle of reason present throughout the world. A clear understanding of how to present jesus in a situation of injustice and exploitation will not only be a help in our own pastoral involvement but can. What we share with ambedkar, and what needs to beresurrected today, is the potency, value and usefulness of religion as a symbolic framework. The problem is, the bible tells us that jesus was infinitely more than a prophet, a good teacher. Christology, the exact opposite of descending christology as in the case of traditional ecumenical formulations. The primary purpose of this course is for you to attain a good knowledge of the main lines of christological development from the. That remark not only tells us more about luther than it does the book of james, but it has influenced the interpretation of this epistle since the time of the.
Historical development of christology st 2232 dspt. The catholic university of america the pontifical biblical commission has recently issued an exten sive document on christology. Hence, pneumatology is the doctrine of the holy spirit, the third person of the trinity. Session 1 christology david hocking 2 introduction there is a little tract that is published by the faith, prayer and tract league and its title is the same as the textbook. It does not confine itself merely to economic exploitation in terms of. The incarnational christology of john gordon college. Indeed, the question of the identity of jesus christ is the most important theological issue of all human history, because he claimed to be the human son of the one true god. Dalit women gender biases reinforce the impact of caste discrimination, and dalit women face double discrimination in all spheres of life. This means that a christian dalit theology will be countertheology and in order for them to remain as counter theology. A clear understanding of how to present jesus in a situation of injustice and exploitation will not only be a help in our own pastoral involvement but can certainly provide a new meaning to the lives of dalits who struggle to make. Christology based on johns gospel, the word became flesh. D research scholar department of english osmania university, hyderabad abstract. After the middle ages, systematic approaches to christology began developing christology from above an approach to understanding christ that begins with the divinity and preexistence as the logos the word. Jesus as holistic healer we live in a therapeutic culture, characterized by what some have disparaged as the oprahfication of society.
Schillebeeckxs effort remains the standard for this kind of procedure. Christology is the study of the person and work of jesus christ. The ligonier statement on christology we confess the mystery and wonder of god made flesh and rejoice in our great salvation through jesus christ our lord. The crime was an act of revenge perpetrated by members of the sharma family, incensed over the recent elopement of their daughter. The reality of the human nature of christ is guaranteed by the virgin birth but also by the clear gospel record of the full humanity of christ. For a dalit theologian, dalit theology and hence dalit christology represents a radical discontinuity with the indian christian theology of the brahminic tradition. Session 1 christology david hocking 6 introduction get a good, clear understanding of why that is an essential doctrine of the bible about jesus christ. Following his postresurrection ministry christ ascended to the right hand of the father. Dalit theology sees hope in the nazareth manifesto of luke 4, where jesus speaks of preaching good news to the poor. The term derives from systematicdogmatic theology, where it designates a core traditional focus of christian theological reflection. Local practices, global connections eva maria hardtmann, 2009, dalit theology and dalit liberation.
Everything in the heavens and on the earth was created by him jesus christ. One of the most misunderstood doctrines of the bible is the doctrine of the holy spirit. The social context of dalit history in india at the outset it is pertinent to mention here that history of dalit studies in india have had social context that hs in its centre the caste system which was based on the principle of graded inequality. The present paper is an attempt to look for a meaningful dalit theology and more specifically a dalit christology. Hurtado university of edinburgh christology traditionally designates expressions of, and reflections on, jesus religious significance in and for christian faith.
What role does ambedkar play in dalit christian theology. Thanks to her icco now has relations with, among others, reds, dalit foundation, ncdhr, the dalit netwerk nederland and idsn. A proper understanding of christ is johns major aim. It is entitled bible et christologie, 1 with a preface by henry cazelles, s. Introduction lesson 1 christology comes from two greek words, christos, the anointed one or the messiah, and logos, word, or study of things related to a particular subject. Christology the doctrine of jesus christ by pastor art kohl the doctrines of the faith a study in truth series order no. Pdf christological reflections from asia m m thomas. It shares a number of themes with liberation theology, which arose two decades earlier, including a selfidentity as a people undergoing exodus.
Apologists of the early church, especially justin martyr. It is about people, their experiences, their joys, sorrows. There he remains in a state of exaltation while his work is carried on amongst men through the holy spirit. The meaning of dalit and its true perceptions by indian. The speech delivered to indian christians of sholapur. Indian dalits who had to struggle for the temple entry rights and we know about temple entry legislation in the various states of india. In the late 1880s, the marathi word dalit was used by mahatma jotiba phule for the aboriginal people considered outcasts and untouchables who were oppressed and broken by hindu society. Dalit theology is a branch of christian theology that emerged among the dalit caste in india in the 1980s. Dalit includes all the oppressed and exploited sections of society. Exploring new facets of dalit christology in critical interaction with john d crossans portrayal of historical jesus. Some reflections in dialogue with barth, moltmann and sobrino. The term dalit christian sometimes christian dalit is used to describe those lowcaste who have converted to christianity from hinduism or islam and are still categorized as dalits in hindu, christian and.
The term dalit christian sometimes christian dalit is used to describe those lowcaste who have converted to christianity from hinduism or islam and are still categorized as dalits in hindu, christian and islamic societies in india, pakistan and other countries. Christology strictly speaking, is the study of christ, his person and natures. As a theology of the dalits, by the dalits, for the dalits, dalit christian theology sought to. The meaning of dalit and its true perceptions by indian society and dalit writers through translations. An analytical study chintha syam sunder ma, mphil, b. Christology from above was emphasized in the ancient church, beginning with ignatius of antioch in the. The rise of dalit activism by christine hart on july 19, 2010, the hindustan times reported that a dalit untouchable woman was gangraped and murdered in the indian state of uttar pradesh. The four varnas are brahmins, kshatriyas, vaishyas and sudras. Jesus of nazareth posed this question to his followers nearly two thousand years ago, but the question still hangs in the air, requesting an answer from every person.
The study of the person of christ introduction lesson 1 christology comes from two greek words, christos, the anointed one or the messiah, and logos, word, or study of things related to a particular subject. Kenneth kantzer, the christology of karl barth, bulletin of the evangelical theological society 1. Chapter 1 the social context of dalit history in india at the outset it is pertinent to mention here that history of dalit studies in india have had social context that hs in its centre the caste system which was based on the principle of graded inequality. The construction of dalit theology as a practical theology of praxis among the grass roots hopes to facilitate the process of bringing about change in their personal life and the formation of a transformed society for both dalits and nondalits to lead a castefree life. Find the best commentary on jesus christchristology. Dalit christology and theology of the cross some reflections in dialogue with barth, moltmann and sobrino joshua samuel the cross occupies a very crucial place in christianity. First, paul writes of christ, who is the image of god 2 corinthians 4. The incarnational christology of john james parker criswell college, dallas, tx 75201 john leaves no doubt as to the purpose of writing his gospel. The study of jesus christ also available online at by dr.
The functioning of caste had enforced the norms of superiority of a. Yet none of them identify jesus as god, and some of them indicate that jesus cannot be god. The word dalit is a common usage in marathi, hindi, gujarati and many other indian languages, meaning the poor and oppressed persons. Christ himself invites his disciples both ancient and modern to study him.
The bible uses that to tell us he identifies with us. At its plenary session in 1979 the international theological commission chose christology as its theme for consideration. Dalit theology and dalit christology free download as word doc. Let me read a few lines out of this that your heart.
Almost every major religion teaches that jesus was a prophet, or a good teacher, or a godly man. The christology of dietrich bonhoeffer 5 view jesus only as a historical figure of the past whose influence somehow affects us. Role of social reformers and its effects baijnath research scholar, ugcnet law, department of human rights, sls, babasaheb bhimrao ambedkar university a central university, lucknow abstract the human rights violation in india country is one of the major problems since centuries. Much recent christology claims to work from below up, that is to say, to begin with the humanity of jesus and go on to show that the evidence leads to a recognition also of his divinity. The case for spirit christology theological studies. With the father and the holy spirit, the son created all things, sustains all things, and makes all things new. Schmeling the christology of the seven ecumenical councils page 2 was especially true when eutyches, an aged abbot in constantinople associated with the alexandrian school, was rehabilitated by the robber synod of 449, even though he confessed that our lord was of two natures before the union, but after the union one nature. Luginbill the unique person and work of the word of god incarnate, our lord and savior jesus christ. Elske played a big role in establishing and maintaining the dalitrelations icco has today. The question regarding the interconnection between the writings of those considered to have focused on a brahmanical way of doing indianchristian theology and those who have taken seriously the reality of the marginalization of the vast majority of indianchristians who come from the dalit background and contributed to the emergence of dalit theology is an important one. Similar to fees previous tome gods empowering presence, this book attempts to fill a gap in pauline scholarship. Dalit theology and dalit christology dalit christology.
It is the caste and varna system of social stratification which promotes the societal violation of dalit human rights. Sloan baylor university, waco, tx 76798 to do research on the book of james is to weary of reading luthers dictum about its being a right strawy epistle. Problems and possibilities peniel rufus rajkumar, 2010. Christology and discipleship in light of marks apocalyptic gospel 3 state of the question 5 splitting mark open. Schmeling the christology of the seven ecumenical councils page 2 was especially true when eutyches, an aged abbot in constantinople associated with the alexandrian school, was rehabilitated by the robber synod of 449, even though he confessed. Christology a doctrine of the person of christ, and the study of it, has been an essential part of rational thought about their beliefs once monotheistic jews found that they were worshipping jesus christ as god.
In the modeled after the ascending christology jesus, for the african, becomes the protoancestor, the head of the whole family of humanity. Dalit theology to emerge as a full practical theology 196. Dalit christian theology emerged as a counter theological movement in india in the 1980s. Truly god, he became truly man, two natures in one person. The rule laid down by the hindu law giver, manu, is that there are only four varnas of hindus and there is not to be fifth varna. Published by faith bible baptist church 8688 south main street eden, new york 14057. It was, after all, the means of capital punishment in the ancient world the equivalent of the electric chair, the gas chamber, or the gallows. The student will do well to carefully study what the bible reveals to us about the holy spirit, our comforter. Jayakiran sebastian, 2008, reimagining dalit theology. Crucifixion we often forget how incongruous a symbol for a religious movement the cross is. The term derives from systematicdogmatic theology, where it designates a core traditional. Methodological exclusivity for a dalit theologian, dalit theology and hence dalit christology represents a radical discontinuity with the indian christian theology of the brahminic tradition. Over against this, bonhoeffer insists that only the risen one makes possible the presence of the living person and thus provides the necessary condition for christology 45.
The book clearly defines eternal life as the life which christ imparts to those who believe in him. Jesus, the human face of god, in the christology of piet. Elske played a big role in establishing and maintaining the dalit relations icco has today. Review dalit theology journal of postcolonial theory and.